• Encoding

• Aerial photography
• Cartography
• Character recognition
• Measuring instruments
• Photogrammetry
• Resources exploration
• Surveying
• Telecommunications

• An advanced system of information gathering to monitor and forecast developments on the surface of the earth and identify an area's natural resources by looking at the world from aircraft, balloons, or satellites and evaluating the data gathered.

• Information and communication > Information technology (software)

http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/concept1557